Nano Technology And Its Medical Applications

Nano Technology means particles, layers, structures, and systems with less than 100 nm dimensions in at least one dimension (length, height, or width) can have different properties than larger objects of the same composition. A nanoparticle of material differs in its optical properties, electrical conductivity, magnetism, chemical reactivity, melting behavior, hardness, or flow properties. Technical study of Nano particle’s are referred as Nano Technology

Nano-sized materials have different properties.

Nanoscale object shows different properties than larger particles of the same substance.

An example that everyone has seen, albeit unconsciously, is gold. Suppose gold particles are reduced further and further down to a few nanometers. In that case, the color changes from a yellowish hue to crimson red – although the substance remains chemically unchanged simultaneously.

Artisans used to take advantage of this effect when coloring glass, which was used, for example, to design church windows. It works with other materials as well. But the size is decisive, and the shape of the particles can produce similar effects. This shows that the Nanocosm laws play an essential role that can be neglected in the macroscopic area.

For example, carbon in the form of graphite is very soft, but in the form of carbon nanotubes, it is more complicated than steel and, simultaneously, very light. Nano-sized ceramics suddenly become flexible, while other substances can suddenly conduct electricity or become particularly scratch-resistant, unbreakable, or water-repellent.

Nanotechnology Applications In Medicine

The possibilities that result from the wondrous tiny creatures are almost unlimited. Nano Technology is already being used across all sectors and industries.  Here are a few medical examples and applications with environmentally friendly potential:

• In experimental cancer therapy, nanoparticles are washed into the tumor tissue and heated with an external magnetic field to destroy the tumor cells.
• Implants with Nano-coatings can be embedded in body tissue in a more compatible manner and should last longer.
• Components of Nano-technically optimized plastics for vehicles or airplanes save weight and thus consume less fuel.
• Super-strong, corrosion-resistant concrete, and efficient insulating materials can be realized with nanoparticles.
• In car tires, silicon dioxide and Nano-soot particles result in lower rolling resistance and, thus, fuel savings.
• In catalytic converters, nanomaterials filter pollutants out of the fuel.
• Nano-based light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) convert more energy into light than conventional energy-saving lamps.
• Photovoltaic modules and wind turbines help to convert sunlight and wind into electricity more effectively and cost-effectively.

Nano porous membranes can remove pathogens from wastewater and filter out heavy metals and dioxins more precisely than conventional methods. In addition, Nano filters open new possibilities in water desalination (of oceans) – which could solve the drinking water problem in many regions worldwide.